There is no direct way to achieve this using plain JDBC Adapter.
You would need to build a Stateful Orchestration using a BPM / ccBPM where rather than use a sender JDBC Adapter you would use a Receiver JDBC Adapter to pull the data. Once the end of the data capture is complete, the scenario ends.
I assume that the next time this Interface using a ccBPM is triggered, the data would be fresh set of data. The trigger for this Interface can be a external trigger or scheduled filed based trigger.
Regards
Bhavesh